Efficiency

String concatenation

• Do not use + for concatenation.
  • Options:
    • ''.join()
    • f-strings

Use generators

• Generators allow you to create a function that returns one item at a time rather than all items at once.
  • If you have a large dataset, you don’t have to wait for the entire dataset to be accessible.

Assign a function to a local variable

• Python accesses local variables much more efficiently than global variables.
• Assign functions to local variables then use them.

Get rid of unwanted loops by using itertools

• It also gets rid of the complexity of the code.